The Mataf also known as le Mataf, is the scared open space surrounding the Kaaba within the grand mosque in Makkah. It is here that millions of Muslims do tawaf, the act of circumambulation of the Kaaba seven times in devotion to Allah. The Mataf holds immense spiritual and symbolic significance, as it forms the heart of pilgrimage experience during both hajj and Umrah. Unlike other parts of the mosque, this area is reserved exclusively for tawaf, emphasizing its role as a holy place of movement, worship, and unity.
Performing Tawaf on the Mataf
Pilgrims begin by aligning themselves with the Black Stone. A green light on the wall of the mosque marks the official starting point. Each circuit is performed counterclockwise with the Kaaba on the pilgrim’s left, completing seven rounds in total. During the ritual, Muslims recite supplications, verses from the Quran, and seek forgiveness. Important landmarks such as the Maqam Ibrahim and the semi-circular Hateem (Hijr Ismail) are closely connected to this sacred journey, reminding pilgrims of the Prophet Ibrahim, and their dedication to the worship of Allah.
History and Expansions of the Mataf
Historically, the Mataf was a simple open courtyard around the Kaaba, accessible to any visitor. As the number of visitors to Mecca grew, especially during the Hajj season, the Saudi leadership undertook extensive development and renovation projects. During the Saudi era, massive Saudi expansion efforts under King Fahd and later King Abdullah worked to expand it into a multi-level structure. The building included the Mataf roof and upper floor levels. These expansions allowed for larger capacity and smoother flow, ensuring that Tawaf could be executed safely even during peak seasons.
Distances and Levels
The distance of Tawaf changes depending on where it is acted. On the Mataf ground, seven circuits cover approximately 1.4 kilometers. On the upper levels and roof, the pathway is longer up to 3.5 kilometers because of the wider circle. These differences allow for better distribution of the crowd while still ensuring every pilgrim’s ritual remains valid. The floor is lined with white marble, which remains cool even in the intense heat of Makkah. In modern designs, temporary barriers and structures have been removed from the Mataf to increase room for Muslims.
Crowd Safety and Management
It is one of the most crowded areas in the world during Hajj, making safety measures essential. Special studies and models of crowd management have been applied to ensure smooth flow, keep the location safe, and prevent accidents. Dedicated routes for the elderly, wheelchairs, and those with disabilities ensure inclusivity, while organized entry and exit points help maintain steady movement.
Significance of al-Mataf
Mataf, or al-Mataf, is more than just an open space, it represents equality, devotion and unity in Islam. Whether one is walking on the ground close to the Kaaba or on the roof overlooking the Grand mosque, each step is a part of a timeless ritual. By walking shoulder to shoulder, every Muslim demonstrates that all stand equal before Allah, fulfilling a command that dates back to the time of Prophet Ibrahim.
